skills/ HoangNguyen0403/agent-skills-standard

common-api-design

Apply REST API conventions — HTTP semantics, status codes, versioning, pagination, and OpenAPI standards for any framework. Use when designing endpoints, choosing HTTP methods, implementing pagination, or writing OpenAPI specs.

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Common API Design Standards

Priority: P1 (HIGH)

🔧 HTTP Verb Semantics

  • GET read-only, idempotent — never mutates state.
  • POST create or trigger; PUT full replace; PATCH partial update; DELETE remove.
  • Non-CRUD actions as sub-resources: POST /orders/:id/cancel.

📡 Status Code Correctness

  • 200 success; 201 created (add Location header); 204 no body.
  • 400 validation (with details[]); 401 unauthenticated; 403 unauthorized; 404 not found.
  • 409 conflict; 422 business rule violation; 429 rate limit (add Retry-After); 500 unhandled.

📦 URL Design Rules

  • Lowercase, kebab-case: /user-profiles, not /UserProfiles or /user_profiles.
  • Plural nouns: /orders, /products. Not /order, /getProducts.
  • No verbs in paths (except action sub-resources): /orders/:id/cancel ✅, /cancelOrder ❌.
  • Hierarchy: Use nesting only up to 2 levels: /users/:id/orders ✅, /users/:id/orders/:orderId/items/:itemId ❌.

🔢 API Versioning

  • Strategy: URL path versioning default: /v1/users, /v2/users.
  • Header versioning (Api-Version: 2) acceptable for internal APIs.
  • Never mix versions in same controller — each version gets its own route module.
  • Support prev major ≥ 6 months after new release.
  • Deprecation: Deprecation: true + Sunset: <date> headers when version will be retired.

📄 Pagination

  • Prefer cursor-based (cursor + limit) for large/live datasets; offset only for small static ones.
  • Default limit: 20, max 100. Reject requests exceeding max.
  • Response envelope: { data: [], pagination: { nextCursor, hasNextPage } }.

📝 OpenAPI Contract

  • Generate from code annotations — not hand-written YAML.
  • Every API needs OpenAPI 3.1 spec.
  • Include: request/response schemas, error shapes, auth requirements, examples.
  • Review spec in PR — breaking changes need version bump.

🔒 API Security Baseline

  • Require auth on all routes by default; use @Public() or equivalent opt-out.
  • Validate and sanitize all query params, path params, and request bodies.
  • Set Content-Type: application/json explicitly. Reject unexpected content types.
  • Include X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff and X-Frame-Options: DENY headers.

Anti-Patterns

  • No GET mutations: Search engines and CDNs cache GET — mutating state catastrophic.
  • No 200 for errors: { "success": false, "data": null } with HTTP 200 breaks monitoring.
  • No deeply nested URLs: Hard to document, version, and cache.
  • No breaking changes without versioning: Removing/renaming fields in-place breaks consumers silently.

References

Canonical response anchors

When this skill applies, preserve the following domain terminology or equivalent concrete examples in the answer when relevant:

  • DELETE

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