skills/ HoangNguyen0403/agent-skills-standard

nestjs-deployment

Containerize NestJS apps with multi-stage Docker builds, tune Node.js memory, and implement graceful shutdown hooks. Use when writing Dockerfiles, configuring K8s deployments, or adding shutdown hooks for NestJS.

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Deployment & Ops Standards

Priority: P1 (HIGH)

Workflow: Containerize NestJS App

  1. Write multi-stage Dockerfile — Build stage installs devDeps and runs nest build; run stage copies only dist and pruned node_modules.
  2. Set non-root user — Add USER node to Dockerfile.
  3. Tune memory — Set --max-old-space-size to ~75% of container memory limit.
  4. Enable shutdown hooks — Call app.enableShutdownHooks() in main.ts.
  5. Add K8s pre-stop — Configure 5-10s sleep pre-stop hook for LB draining.

Dockerfile Example

See implementation examples

Runtime Tuning (Node.js)

  • Memory Config: Container memory != Node memory.
  • Rule: Explicitly set Max Old Space.
  • Command: node --max-old-space-size=XXX dist/main
  • Calculation: Set to ~75-80% of Kubernetes Limit. (Limit: 1GB -> OldSpace: 800MB).
  • Graceful Shutdown:
  • Signal: Listen to SIGTERM.
  • NestJS: app.enableShutdownHooks() mandatory.
  • Sleep: Add "Pre-Stop" sleep in K8s (5-10s) to allow Load Balancer to drain connections before Node process stops accepting traffic.

Init Patterns

  • Database Migrations:
  • Anti-Pattern: Running migration in main.ts on startup.
  • Pro Pattern: Use Init Container in Kubernetes that runs npm run typeorm:migration:run before app container starts.

Environment Variables & CI/CD

  • CI/CD Pipelines (GitHub, GitLab, Azure, etc.):
  • If you modify src/config/env.validation.ts to add new environment variable, you MUST map it explicitly in your deployment pipeline/infrastructure-as-code.
  • Platform Context:
  • Cloud Run/ECS: Variables must explicitly passed in service definition.
  • Kubernetes: New variables must added to Deployment manifest or ConfigMap/Secret.
  • Lambda/Serverless: Must added to serverless.yml or provider console.
  • Fundamental Rule: Application code configuration changes "breaking changes" for infrastructure layer. Never assume environment inheritance.

Anti-Patterns

  • No migrations in main.ts: Use K8s Init Containers or pre-deploy CI steps for migration runs.
  • No root user in Docker: Always add USER node to Dockerfile; running as root security risk.
  • No unbounded Node heap: Set --max-old-space-size to ~75% of container memory limit.

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