nextjs-data-access-layer
Build secure, reusable data access patterns with DTOs, taint checks, and colocated authorization in Next.js. Use when centralizing database queries, transforming raw data to DTOs, adding server-only guards, or preventing sensitive data from reaching Client Components.
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SKILL.md
Data Access Layer (DAL)
Priority: P1 (HIGH)
Centralize all data access (Database & External APIs) to ensure consistent security, authorization, and caching.
Workflow
- Create DAL module in
services/orlib/data.tswithimport 'server-only'. - Verify auth inside every DAL function using
await auth(). - Transform raw DB/API data into DTOs before returning to components.
- Wrap with
cache()from React to deduplicate requests within render cycle. - Taint-check sensitive objects to prevent accidental client exposure.
Implementation Guidelines
- DTOs: Always transform raw data into plain objects. Never return ORM model instances.
- Security: Use
taintObjectReferenceortaintUniqueValuefrom experimental taint API to guard sensitive data. - Authorization: Colocate auth checks inside every DAL function. Never rely on UI layer.
- Caching: Wrap DAL functions in
cache()to deduplicate within single render. - Error Handling: Throw standardized errors (
NotFoundError,UnauthorizedError) caught byerror.tsxornotFound().
Limitations
- Client Components cannot import DAL files. Use Server Actions or Route Handlers as bridges.
Anti-Patterns
- No auth checks outside DAL: Auth verification must live inside DAL functions.
- No raw ORM instances returned: Transform to plain DTO objects before returning.
- No
fetch('localhost/api')in Server Components: Call DAL functions directly. - No DAL imports in Client Components: Use Server Actions or Route Handlers as bridges.
Canonical response anchors
When this skill applies, preserve the following domain terminology or equivalent concrete examples in the answer when relevant:
- transform
Files
4- SKILL.md
2adc1e283b2.2 KB - evals/evals.json
564a4632192.3 KB - references/implementation.md
0c4d5e60f5613 B - references/patterns.md
751fccbbaa1.5 KB
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